GENETIC FINGERPRINTING

Genetic or DNA fingerprinting is the term applied to a range of techniques that are used to show similarities and dissimilarities between the DNA present in different individuals.
Genetic fingerprinting can also be termed as DNA PROFILING.This is a technique especially employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals on the basis of their respective DNA profiles.Although 99.9% of human DNA sequences are the same in every person, enough of the DNA is different to distinguish one individual from another.The process begins with a sample of an individual's DNA, Samples obtained from blood relatives (biological relative) can provide an indication of an individual's profile, as could human remains which had been previously profiled.A reference sample is then analyzed to create the individual's DNA profile using one of a number of techniques, discussed below. The DNA profile is then compared against another sample to determine whether there is a genetic match.