CHROMOSOME

A chromosome is a threadlike linear strand of DNA and associated proteins in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that carries the genes and functions in the transmission of hereditary information.In bacteria it is a circular strand of DNA in bacteria that contains the hereditary information necessary for cell life.In other words it is an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells.It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes,and other materials like regulatory elements,etc.. Chromosomes also contain DNA-bound proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes are the essential unit for cellular division and must be replicated, divided, and passed successfully to their daughter cells so as to ensure the genetic diversity and survival of their progeny.Chromosomal recombination plays a vital role in genetic diversity.For most of the life of the cell, chromosomes are too elongated and tenuous to be seen under a microscope.